{"id":1136,"date":"2024-06-13T14:55:37","date_gmt":"2024-06-13T12:55:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/blog\/comunicarea-asistata-sau-comunicarea-alternativa-si-augmentativa-caa\/"},"modified":"2024-07-26T09:44:25","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T07:44:25","slug":"comunicarea-asistata-sau-comunicarea-alternativa-si-augmentativa-caa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/blog\/comunicarea-asistata-sau-comunicarea-alternativa-si-augmentativa-caa\/","title":{"rendered":"Comunicarea asistat\u0103 sau comunicarea alternativ\u0103 \u0219i augmentativ\u0103 (CAA)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce este CAA?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Comunicarea augmentativ\u0103 \u0219i alternativ\u0103 (CAA) cuprinde o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de metode \u0219i proceduri care sporesc, completeaz\u0103 sau \u00eenlocuiesc vorbirea \u0219i\/sau \u00een\u021belegerea acesteia la persoanele cu nevoi complexe de comunicare (ASHA, 2021).<\/p>\n\n<p>Termenul augmentativ se refer\u0103 la aplicarea de metode \u0219i proceduri care completeaz\u0103 vorbirea existent\u0103, dar insuficient dezvoltat\u0103, \u00een timp ce termenul de comunicare alternativ\u0103 se refer\u0103 la aplicarea de tehnici \u0219i proceduri care \u00eenlocuiesc complet vorbirea, care nu este dezvoltat\u0103, la unele persoane (ASHA, 2021). Prin aplicarea tehnicilor de comunicare augmentativ\u0103 \u0219i alternativ\u0103, fie c\u0103 este vorba de semne manuale, gesturi, table de comunicare sau dispozitive de sintez\u0103 a vorbirii, o persoan\u0103 are posibilitatea de a-\u0219i exprima dorin\u021bele, nevoile, opiniile, ideile, \u00eentr-un mod \u00een care persoanele din jur s\u0103 le \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 (ASHA, 2021). Aplicarea acestora permite, de asemenea, unei persoane cu nevoi complexe de comunicare s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 mai bine persoanele care o \u00eenconjoar\u0103. Prin urmare, putem spune c\u0103 sistemul de CAA include toate acele componente care permit o comunicare eficient\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modalit\u0103\u021bi de CAA<\/h2>\n\n<p>Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 modalit\u0103\u021bi de CAA:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Modalit\u0103\u021bi de comunicare f\u0103r\u0103 dispozitive (nu necesit\u0103 alte dispozitive dec\u00e2t corpul persoanei).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modalit\u0103\u021bi de comunicare cu ajutorul dispozitivelor (necesit\u0103 instrumente\/dispozitive externe).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tipuri de CAA f\u0103r\u0103 instrumente\/dispozitive:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Limba semnelor (sistem de comunicare cuprinz\u0103tor, cu propriile sale reguli gramaticale).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gesturi\/semne idiosincratice (semne \u0219i gesturi adaptate care \u00eencurajeaz\u0103 func\u021biile de comunicare),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vocalizarea (utilizat\u0103 pentru a atrage aten\u021bia, pentru a exprima sentimente sau pentru a-i implica pe ceilal\u021bi \u00een comunicare).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Manifest\u0103ri emo\u021bionale (pentru a exprima sentimente \u0219i a-i implica pe ceilal\u021bi).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tipuri de CAA cu ajutorul dispozitivelor<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Instrumente cu tehnologie redus\u0103: plan\u0219e de comunicare, c\u0103r\u021bi \u0219i caiete.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Instrumente cu tehnologie medie\/u\u0219oar\u0103: dispozitive de comunicare cu un ecran static \u0219i cu \u00eenregistrare digital\u0103 a sunetului (sunete \u00eenregistrate).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Instrument cu \u00eenalt\u0103 tehnologie\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aplica\u021bii \u0219i software pentru comunicare (diverse aplica\u021bii\/software care pot fi utilizate pe dispozitive IOS, Android \u0219i Windows \u0219i care nu necesit\u0103 hardware specializat).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dispozitive specializate cu ie\u0219ire vocal\u0103 (ofer\u0103 o mai bun\u0103 conectivitate cu alte echipamente personalizate \u0219i un sprijin mai mare din partea produc\u0103torilor de hardware \u0219i software).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"249\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/assisted-communication-or-aac_copyright_josip-matos-ps_2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-916\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Instrumente cu tehnologie medie\/u\u0219oar\u0103<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"201\" height=\"262\" src=\"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/assisted-communication-or-aac_copyright_josip-matos-ps_3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-928\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Instrumente cu tehnologie medie\/u\u0219oar\u0103<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"379\" height=\"268\" src=\"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/assisted-communication-or-aac_copyright_josip-matos-ps_4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-922\" srcset=\"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/assisted-communication-or-aac_copyright_josip-matos-ps_4.png 379w, https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/assisted-communication-or-aac_copyright_josip-matos-ps_4-300x212.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 379px) 100vw, 379px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Instrument cu \u00eenalt\u0103 tehnologie<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Accesarea (modul \u00een care utilizatorul interac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu CAA):<\/h2>\n\n<p>Exist\u0103 trei modalit\u0103\u021bi de acces la CAA:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Acces direct (persoana selecteaz\u0103 elementul \u021bint\u0103 ar\u0103t\u00e2nd cu degetul sau cu o alt\u0103 parte a corpului, inclusiv cu ajutorul privirii).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acces indirect (persoana alege r\u0103spunsul cu ajutorul unui comutator sau \u00eentr-un alt mod, atunci c\u00e2nd i se ofer\u0103 mai multe variante vizuale \u0219i\/sau auditive).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scanarea asistat\u0103 de partener (partenerul ofer\u0103 mai multe op\u021biuni vizuale sau auditive p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd persoana \u00ee\u0219i exprim\u0103 alegerea).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Evaluarea \u00een vederea introducerii CAA ar trebui s\u0103 fie luat\u0103 \u00een considerare atunci c\u00e2nd un copil sau un adult are nevoi complexe de comunicare care limiteaz\u0103 participarea sa cu \u0219anse egale la comunicare.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introducerea CAA<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sistemul de CAA trebuie s\u0103 fie disponibil \u00een permanen\u021b\u0103 pentru utilizator &#8211; to\u021bi cei care \u00eel \u00eenconjoar\u0103 pe copil\/utilizator trebuie s\u0103 fie familiariza\u021bi cu modul de comunicare al acestuia. Trebuie avut\u0103 \u00een vedere instruirea tuturor partenerilor de comunicare cu privire la CAA \u0219i acordarea de sprijin \u00een timpul introducerii\/familiariz\u0103rii cu aceasta. Umit cuv\u00e2nt, ci ar trebui s\u0103 fie folosite pentru a ob\u021bine o exprimare lingvistic\u0103 func\u021bional\u0103 \u00een diverse scopuri de comunicare. C\u00e2nd se planific\u0103 terapia \u0219i modalit\u0103\u021bile de sprijin, este necesar s\u0103 se recurg\u0103 la strategii de stimulare a limbajului fundamentate \u0219tiin\u021bific, care ar fi utilizate \u0219i \u00een cazul persoanelor care nu vorbesc. Obiectivele ar trebui s\u0103 permit\u0103 men\u021binerea unor abilit\u0103\u021bi lingvistice adecvate din punct de vedere al dezvolt\u0103rii \u0219i din punct de vedere pragmatic, s\u0103 fie func\u021bionale \u0219i s\u0103 se bazeze pe nevoile utilizatorilor CAA.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Resurse:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Augmentative and alternative communication professional guide. New Jersey:<br\/>Speech-Language-Hearing Association<br\/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.njsha.org\/pdfs\/brochure-aac.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.njsha.org\/pdfs\/brochure-aac.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0160u\u0161ak, M. (2023). Augmentativna i alternativna komunikacija u ranoj dobi kod djece s autizmom. Sveu\u010dili\u0161te u Zagrebu: Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet<br\/><a href=\"https:\/\/zir.nsk.hr\/islandora\/object\/erf%3A1440\/datastream\/PDF\/view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/zir.nsk.hr\/islandora\/object\/erf%3A1440\/datastream\/PDF\/view<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><sub>Observa\u021bie: Fotografiile utilizate \u00een articol sunt proprietatea lui Josip Matos PS \u0219i pot fi publicate \u0219i utilizate numai \u00een scopul proiectului Plural words \u0219i \u00een scopuri educa\u021bionale.<\/sub><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ce este CAA? Comunicarea augmentativ\u0103 \u0219i alternativ\u0103 (CAA) cuprinde o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de metode \u0219i proceduri care sporesc, completeaz\u0103 sau \u00eenlocuiesc vorbirea \u0219i\/sau \u00een\u021belegerea acesteia la persoanele cu nevoi complexe de comunicare (ASHA, 2021). Termenul augmentativ se refer\u0103 la aplicarea de metode \u0219i proceduri care completeaz\u0103 vorbirea existent\u0103, dar insuficient dezvoltat\u0103, \u00een timp ce termenul [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":913,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-ro"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1136"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1136\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1137,"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1136\/revisions\/1137"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plural-words.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}